Addiction is a complex condition with roots in both genetics and environmental influences. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, addiction is a “chronic, relapsing brain disease characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences.” But what causes addiction: genetics or environment? The truth lies in the interplay between the two.
Understanding the Root Causes of Addiction
The question of what causes addiction—genetics or environment—isn’t easily answered with a simple either/or. In reality, addiction is influenced by a complex interplay of both genetic predispositions and environmental conditions.
While genetics can increase a person’s vulnerability to substance abuse, there is no single gene or trait that determines whether someone will become addicted. Instead, multiple genetic markers, when combined with environmental stressors like trauma, peer pressure, or exposure to substance use, shape an individual’s overall risk.
Importantly, even people who have high-risk genetic traits may never develop an addiction. Similarly, those with little genetic predisposition can still struggle if exposed to adverse environments.
The Genetic Influence: How DNA Shapes Addiction Risk
The role of genetics in addiction is a complex topic that is still being studied.
However, current research suggests a strong genetic component to these diseases. It is estimated that genetics account for about half of the risk of someone developing an addiction.
Studies investigating the role of genes in drug addiction have suggested that natural variations in proteins can result in differences in the level of vulnerability concerning a person’s potential to abuse drugs.
For example, a gene called DRD2 has been linked to alcohol addiction. This gene affects how the brain processes dopamine, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in pleasure and reward. People with this gene are more likely to become addicted to alcohol because they enjoy the feeling of being drunk more than people without the gene.
Additionally, a gene called SERT has been linked to drug addiction. This gene affects the way serotonin is transported in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is responsible for feelings of happiness and well-being.
Environmental Factors: How Life Experiences Drive Addiction
While genetics may predispose someone to addiction, it is important to remember that environmental factors also influence these diseases.
Environmental factors such as poverty, trauma, and peer pressure can lead to addiction. These factors increase the risk of exposure to drugs and alcohol. They also make it more likely that someone will start using drugs or alcohol at an early age. And, once someone starts using, they are more likely to become addicted. Our trauma-informed care can help address these root causes of addiction.
In addition, the US National Library of Medicine names several “addictive agents” that increase a person’s vulnerability to addiction. These include:
- Culture
- Religion
- Economic status
- Social policy
- Exposure to substance
Social circumstances also make a person more likely to engage in prolonged substance use, including a lack of parental involvement or care during childhood and early difficulties with education.
Which is more important? Genetics or environment?
The answer is both. It is important to remember that addiction is a complex disorder caused by a combination of genetics and the environment. Neither side can be wholly blamed for addiction – it results from a delicate interaction between the two.
Addiction is a complicated condition stemming from numerous genetic and environmental risk factors. Your biological genes account for roughly half your risk factors for addiction.
Notably, the Genetic Science Learning Center reports that while some genes can make someone more susceptible to addiction, “Someone’s genetic makeup will never doom them to inevitably become an addict.”
So, what can we do to prevent addiction?
Combat Addiction Through Early Intervention and Prevention Programs
If you or someone you love is struggling with addiction, it is important to remember that help is available. Treatment should be tailored to the individual and address the person’s needs, including physical, mental, and spiritual health. At Origins Recovery we offer women’s addiction treatment and men’s treatment, to address gender-specific needs.
Prevention should begin early. Knowing protective factors are in place from the start adds more assurance that a person will not fall victim to addiction. For instance, ensuring children are raised in a stable environment and away from substance use, with access to good education, is a highly beneficial method of prevention.
Comprehensive Addiction Treatment at Origins Recovery
At Origins Recovery, we offer a full continuum of care designed to meet each individual where they are in their journey. Our evidence-based programs treat the root causes of addiction—both genetic and environmental—with holistic and clinical approaches.
Medical Detox
Our medically supervised detox program ensures a safe and supportive environment to manage withdrawal symptoms. Whether you’re detoxing from alcohol, opioids, or other substances, our experienced staff provides 24/7 care to ensure your comfort and safety.
Residential Treatment
Our inpatient rehab program provides structured, around-the-clock care in a healing environment. Clients receive individualized therapy, peer support, and access to holistic services that promote mind-body recovery.
Therapy for Addiction
We offer a wide range of therapies for addiction, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), trauma-focused counseling, and family therapy. Each treatment plan is tailored to address co-occurring mental health issues and the personal history behind each individual’s addiction.
Explore our treatment programs to see how we can help you reclaim your life.
Take the First Step—Verify Your Insurance and Start Healing Today
Recovery starts with one decision. If you or a loved one is struggling with addiction, the compassionate team at Origins Recovery is here to guide you toward lasting healing. We accept most major insurance plans and can quickly verify your coverage, so there’s no delay in getting the help you need.
- Fast, confidential insurance verification
- Personalized treatment planning
- Compassionate support from your first call
Verify your insurance now or call us to speak with an admissions specialist.
Hannah’s House is a well-known care provider offering a range of treatment programs targeting the recovery from substance use, mental health issues, and beyond. Our primary mission is to provide a clear path to a life of healing and restoration. We offer renowned clinical care for addiction and have the compassion and professional expertise to guide you toward lasting sobriety.
For more information about the signs of trauma in women or to learn about our programs, call us today.
